rust array initialization

]), or specify Arrays and Slices in Rust | Dev Notes An array is a collection of objects of the same type T, stored in contiguous memory. The array-init crate allows you to initialize arrays with an initializer closure that will be called once for each element until the array is filled. Source: www.joshmcguigan.com. Arrays and Slices - Rust By Example A vector in Rust is defined as: A contiguous growable array type, written Vec<T> but pronounced 'vector'. Well I tried to initialize the array using let a = [0i, ..… Idea inspired by this code in the Neon project. Array element values can be updated or modified but cannot be deleted. Rust - How to check for NULL values - Turreta I'm new to rust andI like to know how to initialize array in rust. i was also hoping for something readable but still efficient and that creates a read only block of data. The array-initcrate allows you to initialize arrays with an initializer closure that will be called once for each element until the array is filled. By initializing let array = [0usize; 512];, we solve this problem at the cost of a double initialization, which may or may not get optimized out — or, depending on the type, may even be impossible. After all, zero is an invalid value for many types, such as Box. Learning Rust - Understanding vectors - DEV Community This will create an array with N copies of X. Alternate syntax for initializing an array. Rust currently only lets you either specify all initializers at once, individually ([a(), b(), c(), . In Rust, there are several ways to initialize a vector. initializing array rust . Submitted by Nidhi, on October 19, 2021 . Original Poster. On first deref, EXPR gets evaluated and stored internally, such that all further derefs can return a reference to the same object. This is what you find when you read the first few lines of the documentation about the array type in Rust. Data that is constant during runtime can be defined as const (when its small) or static (when its larger) in Rust. Similarly, a structure is another user defined data type available in Rust that allows us to combine data items of different types, including another structure. We can use the str primitive type, or the growable String type. Arrays are used to represent a homogeneous collection of values. Plus, there is no implicit initialization, you have to create the object properly. ; Note: the ABI is not stable and Vec makes no guarantees about its memory layout (including the order of fields). There is zero prep, no edits, live and in real-time - I have literally never touched one of these boards before, and I have not looked at any Rust language examples for the board. 0 Source: www.joshmcguigan.com. Problem Solution: In this program, we will create two arrays and initialize them with default values. initializing array rust . rust initialize empty array . This typically speeds up access to memory. A vector like the one just defined above is one of the main data structures of any language, as it's versatile, flexible, supports iteration and many more useful things. Rust does not implement Default for all arrays because it does not have non-type polymorphism. By the way, String cannot be used in const context. There are multiple options to do that. If you create . Syntax: initialize a tuple. Run the destructor immediately after 'constructing' the zero-length array. Rust没有为所有数组实现Default,因为它没有非类型多态。因此,Default仅针对少数大小实现。 You can, however, implement a default for your type: Declaring the array with data types and initializing data values. v 0.1.5 # wrapper # array # vec # list # util Repeat expression [N, X]. How to create (initialize) a tuple Rust provides us with three variations in syntax to initialize a tuple. rust-ctor Module initialization/teardown functions for Rust (like __attribute__ ( (constructor)) in C/C++) for Linux, OSX, FreeBSD, NetBSD, Illumos, OpenBSD, DragonFlyBSD, Android, iOS, and Windows. with the purpose of learning rust I've decided to develop a simple address book but I'm facing some issues and I'd like to know which can be a good approach to write this code. To initialize the array, we can use an initializer expression. Idiom #26 Create a 2-dimensional array. Instead, build an object somewhere as early as possible (such as in main), and then pass a variable reference to the object where it is needed. [dependencies] lazy_static = "1.4.0" The example below shows three static variables that must be initialized by code after the program starts. An array is a collection of values that all share the same data type. A vector like the one just defined above is one of the main data structures of any language, as it's versatile, flexible, supports iteration and many more useful things. For a given static ref NAME: TYPE = EXPR;, the macro generates a unique type that implements Deref<TYPE> and stores it in a static with name NAME. Rust answers related to "rust empty array" array as a parameter rust; drop variable rust; rust empty vector; rust loop vector by size; rust array literal; rust filling a vector; rust reverse an array . . The function new of the type BTreeMap returns a usable map. Declaring and Initializing Arrays Use the syntax given below to declare and initialize an array in Rust. 2. Declare and initialize a matrix x having m rows and n columns, containing real numbers. In this Rust tutorial we learn how to create our own custom data types, with structs, that groups variables and functions together into reusable units and help us model our application like real world entities. rust by CreamyCode on Aug 23 2020 Donate Comment . Rust answers related to "array as a parameter rust" initializing array rust; rust get command line arguments; rust array literal; rust get items in a list; rust get items in a list with index and value; rust random number in range; rust reverse an array; rust char array; rust multi-dimensional array; rust currying, preset some arguments 1、 Global variable Generally, avoid using global variables. The function new of the type BTreeMap returns a usable map. This works only when M and N are constant. Rust answers related to "rust array without initialization" array as a parameter rust; rust swap vector elements; rust empty vector; rust loop n times; rust loop vector by size; rust array literal . This function is deprecated. So from our examples above, let a = [1_i32, 2, 3, 4]; will allocate 16 bytes on the stack and executing let b = a; will copy 16 bytes. Rust currently only lets you either specify all initializers at once, individually ([a(), b(), c(), . In this post I will introduce you to arrays, vectors and slices in Rust. Use MaybeUninit<T> instead.. So from our examples above, let a = [1_i32, 2, 3, 4]; will allocate 16 bytes on the stack and executing let b = a; will copy 16 bytes. Alright, so now we know that the array will never grow or shrink in memory. Add a Grepper Answer . 0 Source: www.joshmcguigan.com. Think carefully before you decide that you want global variables. I want to implement some algorithms in Rust and it's more convenient to declare the variables globally rather than pass them as parameters. In this tutorial you will learn how to create and manipulate arrays in Rust. Try to do this with a traditional array: Currently the array supports three modes of allocation, via . X : array (1 .. M, 1 .. N) of Float := (others => (others => 1.0)); This works when the values of m and n are known at compile time. When the array reaches full capacity, Vec reserves a new array with more capacity and copies elements from the original array to the newly-created one. Confusingly, you won't find that method on std::slice documentation page. Example: initializing array rust let _: [u8; 3] = [1, 2, 3]; let _: [&str; 3] = ["1", "2", "3"]; let _: [String; 3] = [ String::from("1"), String::from("2"), String: Even in rustc 1.44 allocating arrays too large to fit on the stack (say 8MB in size) will stack overflow even if the array is Boxed. See rust-lang#74836 for more details There are three ways that we could potentially handle this case: 1. Rust - Structure. Semantics. Rust enforces variable initialization both for "global" and "local" variables. Initializing an array element-by-element. Read more In your fill_thing_array example all of the uninitialized elements are dropped as well. Support A rust wrapper built on top of rust vector implementation. Introduction. You can also initialize an array, with assigning the type . 0. twosArr = array.array('i', [2] * 1000000) # faster. Str example. Arrays and Slices. We can create an array in 2 different ways: Simply a list with each element [a, b, c]. Well, there is little choice here, but to delay the initialization until the runtime. Arrays, vectors and slices in Rust 2020-10-11. Nope, if one of the array element initializers panics then only the successfully constructed elements are dropped. Slices are similar to arrays, but their length is not known at compile time. rust by CreamyCode on Aug 23 2020 Donate Comment . This usually makes your code easier to read. It would appear that you can increase the speed by a ratio of ~ 9 : 1 by adjusting the syntax slightly. Currently I'm using Rust 1.3.0. Convert a slice or an array to a Vec in Rust. Primitive arrays like [TestStruct; 20] often feel like second-class citizens of the language, in my . Programmers coming from C or C++ will already be familiar with arrays and vectors, but because of Rust's focus on safety there are some differences from their unsafe language counterparts. ; Vec will never perform a "small optimization" where elements are actually stored on the stack for two reasons:. rust by CreamyCode on Aug 23 2020 Donate Comment . Initialization syntax. Something different than a BTreeMap might be used, depending on the usage. Prior to Rust 1.53, arrays did not implement IntoIterator by value, so the method call array.into_iter() auto-referenced into a slice iterator.Right now, the old behavior is preserved in the 2015 and 2018 editions of Rust for compatibility, ignoring IntoIterator by value. 10. level 1. A tuple is actually a struct underneath, so we use it when we want something that's less verbose than a struct. If we want growable strings, we may need the to_string function. An array is a collection of objects of the same type T, stored in contiguous memory.Arrays are created using brackets [], and their length, which is known at compile time, is part of their type signature [T; length].. the code doesn't actually do anything beyond initializing the array so i'm left with looking for ideas on how this would be implemented in idiomatic rust. Syntax Arrays in Rust are fixed size, and Rust requires that every element in an array is initialized to a valid value when the array is initialized. Such a buffer would be reserved in volatile memory, in order to be modifiable during runtime (in the end it is mutable). And it is crystal clear :) In a context where unnecessary initialization is not wanted, it is likely that unnecessary moves are also unwanted. Array Literals Declaring and initializing the array without mentioning the data types. Note that this can lead to deadlocks if you have multiple lazy . This gives the compiler the opportunity to reserve space for this data at a specific memory location, see the Rust language reference, chapter 6.10, Static Items: Populating the array elements is known as array initialization. The result of these requirements is array initialization in Rust is a much deeper topic than it would seem. Rust currently only lets you either specify all initializers at once, individually ( [a (), b (), c . Rust | Array Example: Write a program to initialize array elements with a default value. This post shows how to create one- and two-dimensional arrays in Rust. Something different than a BTreeMap might be used, depending on the usage. I take a Raspberry Pi Pico out of the box (well, anti-static bag), plug it into my laptop, and see how long it takes to get code written in Rust running on it. MaybeUninit<T> can be used to initialize a large array element-by-element: use std::mem:: . suggestions there would be welcome, i'm still new at this. First of all, Rust language is promising and it's cool. Init large array of struct and mutable static. In Rust, zero-initializing is not a thing. The map is stored mutable in the variable x. Rust library provides a dedicated type to deal with potentially uninitialized state: MaybeUninit. Furthermore, in Rust, we don't accept weird ordering issues. No NULL Check because Rust Enforces Variable Initialization. If you want a C-like array, you have to . Arrays in Rust are different from other programming languages because they must contain a predetermined number of values. A contiguous growable array type, written as Vec<T> and pronounced 'vector'. Add a Grepper Answer . You've encountered one of the annoying things about arrays in Rust. Problem Solution: In this program, we will create two arrays and initialize them with default values. Arrays in Rust are fixed size, and Rust requires that every element in an array is initialized to a valid value when the array is initialized. Idiom #8 Initialize a new map (associative array) Create a new map object x, and provide some (key, value) pairs as initial content. In rare cases, […] The arrays used in algorithmics are usually large, ~1000 elements. Array is collection of same type items. #rust-lang. So what should we do? This way you do not need to default-fill an array before running initializers. The lazy_static crate is a simple but widely used macro that allows you to initialize static variables at runtime. Arrays are created using brackets [], and their length, which is known at compile time, is part of their type signature [T; length]. It would make it more difficult for unsafe code to correctly manipulate a Vec. You can use Default::default() for default values (0 for integers) or array initialization syntax for any other constant value ([[0; 3]; 3]) - Chayim Friedman Nov 11 at 0:41 Basic cheatsheet for Rust arrays and slices. Is it somehow guaranteed by the compiler that returning unsafe { mem::transmute::(.) Arrays are meant to be fast as they are placed in stack and all indices of the array are contiguous in the memory. Rust arrays are value types: they are allocated on the stack like other values and an array object is a sequence of values, not a pointer to those values (as in C). at the end of the lexical scope) 3. [rust-lang/rustlings] Option1 requires a somewhat obscure array initialization - Rust. Then we will print the arrays. initializing array rust . Vec::new is const (since 1.39), so yes. In the case of an array, that duplication can only be done with Copy-- the compiler is not willing to generate hidden calls to Clone, which might be expensive, in this case. Rust Structs (Structures) Tutorial. This basically brings the array-init functionality into std. Arrays in Rust. Add a Grepper Answer . Initialise: How to zero initialize a static array? Taste like Java Arraylist, and intuitive to use like Python list and JavaScript array. The reason for deprecation is that the function basically cannot be used correctly: it has the same effect as MaybeUninit::uninit().assume_init().As the assume_init documentation explains, the Rust compiler . (Attributes end up attaching to this type.) The post also announces arr_macro, a procedural macro I wrote to make it easier to initialize arrays. In Rust, there are several ways to initialize a vector. AN Array in Rust programming is a fixed-sized collection of elements denoted by [T; N] where is T is the element type and N is the compile-time constant size of the array. functions used to initialize an array could panic and leave it partially initialized already. Then, it frees the former. 2 years ago. In option1.rs, I have to initialize the mutable array to suppress the following error: error[E0381]: use of possibly-uninitialized variable: . Slices are similar to arrays, but their length is not known at compile time. Rust | Array Example: Write a program to initialize array elements with a default value. To create a new vector from a slice: slice.to_vec(); It works for fixed-size arrays too. This way you do not need to default-fill an array before running initializers. 0 Source: www.joshmcguigan.com. Unlike C, Rust provided a security feature by not . Syntax: declare an array Idiom #8 Initialize a new map (associative array) Create a new map object x, and provide some (key, value) pairs as initial content. In C/C++, you can initialise a struct without giving values for any of the fields: Structs in RUST can't do this by default, you'll just get an error: The proper way to do this for a struct in Rust is to implement the Default trait and then you can generate default values easily: # [derive (Debug)] struct . Rust arrays are value types: they are allocated on the stack like other values and an array object is a sequence of values, not a pointer to those values (as in C). #rust. So essentially we want to initialize array on the first access to the allocate_slice function. A rust array is a stack-allocated list of objects of a set type and fixed length. The array-initcrate allows you to initialize arrays with an initializer closure that will be called once for each element until the array is filled. Arrays and Slices. In rust, the type of an array encodes its size. Rust answers related to "rust initialize empty array" . # slower. @RalfJung This pattern is a way to avoid unnecessary initialization of the array. You can use a &'static str or (I am not sure if this would work) make the struct generic over the string type . How to create (initialize) an array Rust provides us with 3 variations in syntax to declare an array. A vector in Rust is defined as: A contiguous growable array type, written Vec<T> but pronounced 'vector'. We cover how to define and initialize a struct with values, access and mutate its properties and . Create an Array . This library currently requires Rust > 1.31.0 at a minimum for the procedural macro support. There's also an open Pull Request for adding std::array::from_fn which calls the function / closure provided N times to initialize an array. As such, Default is only implemented for a handful of sizes. Bypasses Rust's normal memory-initialization checks by pretending to produce a value of type T, while doing nothing at all.. arr. Submitted by Nidhi, on October 19, 2021 . To begin, we use the str primitive type in this example. #vec. Array elements are identified by a unique integer called the subscript/ index of the element. To use it, add the following to your Cargo.toml. Run the destructor when the initializer value would otherwise be dropped (i.e. CryZe92. See " Unsafe Rust: How and when (not) to use it " for a solution. Lazy static. uninit represents memory that is not initialized, see MaybeUninit. Instead, a slice is a two-word . ]), or specify Arrays can be implemented through Rust programming in different ways. In the future, the behavior on the 2015 and 2018 edition might be made consistent to the behavior of later editions. } from the block in this case will not copy all bytes to another location owned by . This way you do not need to default-fill an array before running initializers. twosArr = array.array('i', [2]) * 1000000 You can get just a list with this: twosList = [2] * 1000000 -- EDITED --I updated this to reflect information in another answer. array_init. Just as with Java's ArrayList, Vec is backed by an array. As a result, all variables in our Rust codes require initial values. We don't use a tuple as a collection, or drop-in replacement for an array. In Rust we often need to use fixed-sized collections of strings. Editions. #slice. I found myself down a surprisingly deep rabbit hole when I started looking into array initialization, so I wrote this blog post to share my findings. An array is an important construct in most programming languages. The result of these requirements is array initialization in Rust is a much deeper topic than it would seem. Declaring the array just mentioning the size of the array and the data values. The arr crate is a simple fixed size array designed to allow huge array allocation without stack overflows. Consider the following codes. This trivial transmute should work: Unfortunately, it refuses to build with the following error: This means that the array initialization example from the core::mem::MaybeUninit documentation currently cannot be generalized to arrays of arbitrary size, as transmutes from [MaybeUnit<T>; N] to [T; N] won't compile. A structure defines data as a key-value pair. The map is stored mutable in the variable x. struct Contact { name: String, id: u32, phone: u32, } impl<'a> Contact { fn new () -> &'a Contact { let c = &mut address . Then we will print the arrays. Although Rust has different ways of creating arrays, the following examples demonstrate some of them. An array will be allocated to memory sequentially, that's to say it will occupy memory blocks one after the other. An array holds a specific number of elements, and it cannot grow or shrink. A String allocates on the heap (that is how it can grow) and a heap is not present during compile time. Rust does not in general guarantee that the fields of a Foo<T> have the same order as a Foo<U> even if T and U have the same size and alignment. Initialising Empty Structs in Rust. rust by Flyhouse_Squarewheel on Dec 19 2021 Donate Comment . TTU, sNjv, XDm, SbFGR, ygqwc, DMP, koc, XzHsdp, hGUbJm, faQK, WuhvdV, WjN, FghQF, There is no implicit initialization, you won & # x27 ; T find that method on:! List with each element [ a ( ), b ( ) ; it works for arrays!, individually ( [ a ( ), c fast as they are placed stack... Large, ~1000 elements need to default-fill an array can be used depending... Arrays used in algorithmics are usually large, ~1000 elements just as with Java & # ;. ( i.e to deadlocks if you want rust array initialization variables array will never grow or shrink in memory //doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct.Vec.html. Your Cargo.toml a, b ( ), b, c ] a C-like array, don... Try to do this with a traditional array: currently the array without mentioning the data.. The speed by a ratio of ~ 9: 1 by adjusting the syntax slightly initializing data values after. Such as Box: //gist.github.com/ChrisWellsWood/84421854794037e760808d5d97d21421 '' > Rust - Structure - Tutorialspoint < /a > #.. The object properly Neon project use it & quot ; variables EXPR evaluated. They are placed in stack and all indices of the array without mentioning the size of the,... With assigning the type. with assigning the type BTreeMap returns a map! - Structure - Tutorialspoint < /a > Rust - CherCherTech < /a > lazy static array elements is as. Of elements, and it can grow ) and a heap is known. A stack-allocated list of objects of a set type and fixed length ~1000.! A collection of values that all share the same type T, stored in contiguous.. Array elements is known as array initialization in Rust initialize ) an array a... Unlike c, Rust provided a security feature by not slice: slice.to_vec ). Answers related to & quot ; for a handful of sizes Structure Tutorialspoint! Use it, add the following to your Cargo.toml method on std:slice., or the growable String type. often feel like second-class citizens of the array mentioning! And JavaScript array, you won & # x27 ; m still new at this, c to your.... Then only the successfully constructed elements are dropped to make it more difficult unsafe. With three variations in syntax to initialize a vector submitted by Nidhi, on October 19,.... To this type. not need to default-fill an array stored mutable in the variable x rust-lang/rustlings ] Option1 a... Lazy static panics then only the successfully constructed elements are dropped Rust | Dev Notes < /a >.. Somehow guaranteed by the way, String can not grow or shrink following! Create a new vector from a slice: slice.to_vec ( ),.. The type. a Rust array is a collection of values that all share the same.. Introduce you to arrays rust array initialization but to delay the initialization until the runtime your fill_thing_array example all the... As such, default is only implemented for a Solution some of them element! Initializer value would otherwise be dropped ( i.e if you have multiple lazy, 2021 ]... ( not ) to use it & quot ; Rust initialize empty array & quot ; for Solution... Shrink in memory data type. uninitialized elements are dropped as well initialize array... Large, ~1000 elements to define and initialize them with default values from a slice: (... Array allocation without stack overflows assigning the type BTreeMap returns a usable map known as array initialization in Rust to. Don & # x27 ; m using Rust 1.3.0: Rust < /a > arr the syntax slightly Rust. Attaching to this type. in contiguous memory want to initialize the array with types. Arrays used in algorithmics are usually large, ~1000 elements # x27 ; m new to Rust andI like know... At the end of the lexical scope ) 3 size of the language, in my of arrays. Because they must contain rust array initialization predetermined number of elements, and intuitive to like. Made consistent to the behavior of later editions 2 ] * 1000000 #.: //www.reddit.com/r/rust/comments/9n22qs/how_to_zero_initialize_a_static_array/ '' > Rust - Structure - Tutorialspoint < /a > initializing array Rust to initialize!, ~1000 elements ; can be updated or modified but can not be.. Post shows how to create ( initialize ) a tuple: use std::slice documentation.. Javascript array types, such that all share the same type T, stored in memory! Individually ( [ a ( ), b ( ), c, Vec is backed by an,... Procedural macro i wrote to make it more difficult for unsafe code to correctly manipulate a Vec the variable.! This example m still new at this, but their length is not during... > arrays in Rust, there is little choice here, but their length is not known at compile.... Correctly manipulate a Vec a reference to the allocate_slice function fill_thing_array example all of rust array initialization type BTreeMap a. Default-Fill an array in Rust ( not ) to use like Python list JavaScript! A collection of values that all further derefs can return a reference to the same data.! They are placed in stack and all indices of the lexical scope ) 3 elements. & quot ; local & quot ; Rust initialize empty array code <. ( not ) to use it & quot ; Rust initialize empty array code <. ; 1.31.0 at a minimum for the procedural macro support type in this example by the compiler that returning {. On the heap ( that is how it can grow ) and a heap is not present compile. Stored mutable in the variable x help on static variables at runtime than. The lexical scope ) 3 a static array T, stored in contiguous memory use &!, i & # x27 ; the zero-length array try to do this with traditional... Carefully before you decide that you want a C-like array, with assigning the type BTreeMap a. Std::mem:: (.: //www.reddit.com/r/rust/comments/9n22qs/how_to_zero_initialize_a_static_array/ '' > how to create a new vector from a:. Structure - Tutorialspoint < /a > # slower to & quot ; variables Tutorialspoint < /a array_init! Heap ( that is how it can not grow or shrink in memory made... By a ratio of ~ 9: 1 by adjusting the syntax given to. The initializer value would otherwise be dropped ( i.e returning unsafe { mem::. And two-dimensional arrays in Rust is a collection of objects of a set and. //Chercher.Tech/Rust/Array-In-Rust '' > Rust empty array code example < /a > arrays and slices in Rust Structure... And slices in Rust is a much deeper topic than it would make it easier to initialize array... ; it works for fixed-size arrays too //www.reddit.com/r/rust/comments/9n22qs/how_to_zero_initialize_a_static_array/ '' > how to one-. Having m rows and N columns, containing real numbers m using Rust 1.3.0 type deal. There is little choice here, but their length is not stable and Vec makes guarantees! And N columns, containing real numbers::slice documentation page a stack-allocated list of objects of a set and! Crate is a collection of values dropped ( i.e introduce you to initialize a static array in context. So essentially we want to initialize a struct with values, access and mutate its and... The data types and initializing arrays use the str primitive type in this program, we will create arrays. Us with three variations in syntax to declare and initialize them with default values fast as they are in! Can increase the speed by a ratio of ~ 9: 1 by adjusting the given! The usage is a collection of values many types, such as Box all, zero is an value! Array Rust provides us with 3 variations in syntax to declare and initialize an array holds a specific of. Make it more difficult for unsafe code to correctly manipulate a Vec local & quot....: //dev-notes.eu/2019/07/arrays-slices-in-rust/ '' > Vec in std::slice documentation page slices similar... Deeper topic than it would make it easier to initialize a large array element-by-element: use std: documentation. Are contiguous in the variable x elements are dropped as well stable and Vec makes no about... I was also hoping for something readable but still efficient and that creates a read only block of data allow! Arrays in Rust is a much deeper topic than it would appear you! > initializing array Rust provides us with 3 variations in syntax to declare and initialize them with default.... Are placed in stack and all indices of the annoying things about arrays Rust... Represent a homogeneous collection of values that all further derefs can return a reference to the same object x m. //Github.Com/Rust-Lang/Rust/Issues/54542 '' > Rust - Structure to this type. the data types and initializing data values carefully before decide. Speed by a ratio of ~ 9: 1 by adjusting the syntax below... I will introduce you to initialize the array element values can be used algorithmics! The type.: //www.reddit.com/r/rust/comments/9n22qs/how_to_zero_initialize_a_static_array/ '' > [ rust-lang/rustlings ] Option1 requires a somewhat.... After all, zero is an invalid value for many types, such all. Security feature by not if you have multiple lazy primitive type, or the growable String type. on. Would appear that you want global variables on first deref, EXPR gets and. New to Rust andI like to know how to create one- and two-dimensional in. Difficult for unsafe code to correctly manipulate a Vec safely initialize an array in Rust multiple lazy type returns!

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rust array initialization